Fuel-admission valve for internal-combustion engines.



A. B. BREUER.

FUEL ADMISSION VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLIGATION FILED MAY 11, 1912.

Patented Oct. 22, 1912.

WITNESSES: 6%

ATTORNEY lFUEL-ADMISSION VALVE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION"ENGEHES.

7 Specification of Letters recent. 1 Pat eni eqi Oct, 22,1912,

Application filed May 11, 1912. Serial No. 696,802.

To all whom it may concern:

, Be it known that I, ARMAN BANDY BREUER, a subject of the Kingdom of Hungary, residing at Budapest, Austria-Hungary, engineer, have made new and useful Improvements in Fuel Admission Valves for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification. y

This invention relates to fuel-admission valves for internalcombustion engines adapted to operate with liquid fuel and more particularly to valves adapted to inject the liquid fuel into the cylinder or combustion chamber of the engine against a considerable presure therein.

The object of the present invent-ion is to provide an improved liquid fuel-admission passes valve of the above kindwhich consists of few parts, is of simple construction, is readily adjustable to suit varying conditions and-by means of which the liquid fuel may be more completely and satisfactorily vaporized with a lower air pressure than with valves of this kind as at present constructed. According to this invention the improved fuel-admission valve is provided with separateinlet passages for air and liquid fuel, the-.construction and arrangement of the parts of the valve being such that when'the same'is operated the passage for the air is opened in advance of the opening of the fuel-admission passage. The air and liquid fuel,- after paming through the respective passages in the valve, enter an expansion chambergthe dimensions and shape of which are such that the velocity of the issuing air isincreased and a thorough vaporization of the liquid fuel and admixture thereof with the air is obtained. The spray nozzle of the expansion chamber through which the fuel rfe'ctly vaporized into the cylinder or co stion chamber of the engine is preferably formed in a removable cap creasing so asto readily permit of the size or shape of this nozzle being changed to suitvarying conditions of load, different varieties of-f-uel and so forth.

The accompanying drawing isa sectional vyiewof a fuel-admission valve construct accordance with thisinvention.

'As shown in the drawing, the valve comprises. a cylindrical casing A- having a contraction near 1ts lower end in which is formed a conical valve seat B and an expansion chamber C located in the casing below the ivalveseat,thischamber being, as

ersed throughout its length by a central air passage F, the upper end of which is adapted to be closed by a valve G, at the end of the valve-operating rod H. The lower end of the passage F is so shaped that the air passing through it enters the expansion chamber in the form of a cone or funnel,

with the result that the liquid fuel, which afterward flows into the expansion chamber past the valve seat B, cannot pass unvaporized through the spray nozzle D into the cylinder or the combustion chamber of the engine.

- Screwed to the upper end of the plunger E- is a cap J into which the valve operating' rod Hprojects. vThe lower end of the valve-operating rod. above the valve G is enlarged so as to slide easily within the cap J which thus forms a guide for said rod. ,The cap J has a'number of-radial openings K which provide communicationbetween the interior of the casing Ayand the air passage F.. A passage L provides communication between the interior of the casing A and the space'in the interior of thezcap. aboveithe enlarged end of the valve operating rod H.

It will be observed that the operating rod H can move a certain distance .afternthe valve G has been opened before coming i n contact with? the'upper' end of the c'ap'J.

after which further movement of the rod H toward and-away from the valve seat B, is

guided by adistributer M thatv is located'in seat B by the pressure of air on the surface surrounding the valve G and not by the valve rod H when the valve G at its end closes the air passage F in the plunger.

'The 'operatlon of the device is as follows :-The liquid fuel is admitted to the casing A through the usual supply ports at the inner end of the casing, and compressed" air is also supplied to the casing A through suitable ports, similarly located at the "inner end of the casing These features are not shown in the drawing. When the-valveoperating rod vH lifts, the valve Gii's opened, and air 1mmediatel'y flows through the-passage F into the expansion chamber Ci 7 Continued movement of the operating rod '11 in the upward direction'will cause the plunger E to lift and open the valve B whereupon liquid fuel and air'=will also be admitted through the valve into the expansion chamber G, in which the fuel and air become thoroughly mixed and, on passing into the combustion chamber or cylinder, are completely vaporized by the spray nozzle D. Practically air only enters the expansion chamber C, when the valve G is first opened, for the reason that the liquid fuel in the casing is heavier than the particles of air andwill be carried forward by gravity and by the air pressure to a point adjacent the valve seat B. It may be, however, that some liquid fuel will be so mixed with the air as to enter the chamber C by way of the passage F, but the amount Wlll be small and the air substantiall freefrom the liquid fuel. Movement of t e valve-operating rod H in the opposite direction will first permit the plunger E to close the valve B, and a further movement of the rod H downward will cause the valve G to close the air passage F.

The valve mechanism described above may be readily adjusted to meet varying conditions of operation of the engine by varying the size or formation of the spray noz- 'zle D. This, as described and shown in the drawing, is formed in a removable plug so as'to permit of the desired change being readily effected The valve may also be adjusted byvarying the relative times at which the air Y and liquid passages are o'ehed by alteringthe amount of lost motion between the plun er E and the valve operating rod H, this 'eing effected by rotatingthe screwed cap the'one or the ether direction.

fuel-admission valve illustrated in the *accompanyin drawing has been described byway o example-only as showing oneyform injwhieh the invention may be carried into efi eet; and it is to be understood that the invention is notlimited to the constructional details shown and described as these may obviouslybe varied within the scope of theappended claims.

.. What Iclaim'isL. I

. 1.1." A ful admission valve for internal ing a spray nozzle, an expansion chamber adjacent said nozzle, a fuel-delivering passage leading to said expansion chamber, a plunger for closing said passage, said plunger extending to a point in said casing some distance from said chamber and having an air passage therethrough, a device for closing said air passage, and means common to said device and said plunger for operating the same, whereby first air is delivered to said expansion chamber, and then air and fuel admitted thereto. I

3. A fuel admission valve for internal combustion engines, including a casinghaving a spray nozzle and an expansion chamber adjacent said nozzle, a fuel-delivering passage leading to said expansion chamber, a plunger for closing said passage, said plunger extending to a point in said casing some distance from said chamber and having an air passage centrally therethrough, means in said casing for supporting said plunger, said supporting means having fuel passages extendin therethrough, a rod for reciprocatmg said plunger, said rod having a valve for closing the air passage through said plunger, the connection between the rod and the plunger permitting said rod to move first inde; pendent of the plunger, whereb air isxadmitted through the passage,.an then move the plunger, whereby air and fuel 81'6. 8.(1-

fuel-delivering passages therethrough,

plun er, said. plunger-guiding means mg said plunger having an air passage centrally through havtherethrough, an adjustable cap carried by said plunger and having air-receiving ports,

whereby air is admitted to the passage through the plunger, a rod for operating said plunger, said rod having a valve on its inner end adapted to close the passage in said plunger, said rod above said valve being enlarged and having a limited movement in said cap, whereby the first movement of said rod will uncover the air passage through said plunger, and a further movement of said rod will move said plunger to uncover the fuel passage leading to the expansion chamber.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto 15 subscribed my name this 22d day of April, 1912.

ARMAND BANDY BREUER.

Witnesses:

FRANCIS TREHURLY, W. WEUYRAME. 

